Iindaba

Amagumbi okucoca akwiqela leendawo ezikhethekileyo ezineemfuno ezikhethekileyo zeziseko ezingundoqo, ukujongwa kwemekobume, ubuchule babasebenzi kunye nococeko.Umbhali: UGqr Patricia Sitek, umnini we-CRK
Ukunyuka kwesabelo seendawo ezilawulwayo kuwo onke amacandelo oshishino kudala imingeni emitsha kubasebenzi bemveliso kwaye ke ngoko kufuna ukuba ulawulo luphumeze imigangatho emitsha.
Idatha eyahlukeneyo ibonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwe-80% yeziganeko ze-microbial kunye nokugqithiswa kokucoceka kothuli kubangelwa ubukho kunye nemisebenzi yabasebenzi kwindawo yokucoca. Enyanisweni, ukungeniswa, ukutshintshwa kunye nokuphathwa kwemithombo yomthombo kunye nezixhobo kunokubangela ukukhululwa kwamanani amaninzi, oku kunokukhokelela ekugqithisweni kwezinto eziphilayo ezivela ebusweni bolusu kunye nezinto ezisingqongileyo. Ukongeza, izixhobo ezifana nezixhobo, iimveliso zokucoca kunye nezinto zokupakisha zinempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwegumbi lokucoca.
Ekubeni abantu bangowona mthombo mkhulu wokungcola kwigumbi elicocekileyo, kubalulekile ukubuza indlela yokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusasazeka kwezinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ze-ISO 14644 xa uhambisa abantu kumagumbi acocekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwempahla ekhethekileyo kuthintela ukusasazeka kweengqungquthela kunye ne-microbial agents ukusuka kumphezulu womzimba womsebenzi ukuya kwindawo yokuvelisa ejikelezileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni ukusasazeka kokungcola kwigumbi elicocekileyo kukukhethwa kwempahla yokucoceka ehambelana neklasi yokucoceka. Kolu papasho, siya kugxila kwimpahla ephinda isetyenziswe ehambelana ne-ISO 8/D kunye neeklasi ze-ISO 7/C, ezichaza iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphefumla komphezulu kunye noyilo olulodwa.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba sijonge iimfuno zempahla ecocekileyo yegumbi, siza kuxubusha ngokufutshane iimfuno ezisisiseko ze-ISO8/D kunye ne-ISO7/C yabasebenzi begumbi elicocekileyo.
Okokuqala, ukwenzela ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukungcola ukungena kwigumbi elicocekileyo, i-SOP eneenkcukacha (inkqubo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo) kufuneka iphuhliswe kwaye iphunyezwe kwigumbi ngalinye elicocekileyo, ichaza imigaqo esisiseko yokusebenza kwegumbi lokucoca kwintlangano. Ezo nkqubo kufuneka zibhalwe, ziphunyezwe, ziqondwe kwaye zilandelwe ngolwimi lwenkobe lwabasebenzisi. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo ekulungiseleleni umsebenzi kukuqeqeshwa okufanelekileyo kwabantu abajongene nokwenza imisebenzi kwindawo elawulwayo, kunye nemfuneko yokuqhuba iimviwo ezifanelekileyo zonyango, ngokuqwalasela iingozi ezichongiweyo kwindawo yokusebenzela. Ukujongwa ngokungacwangciswanga kucoceko lwezandla zabasebenzi, ukuvavanyelwa izifo ezosulelayo, kunye nokuhlolwa kwamazinyo rhoqo zizinto nje ezimbalwa “zolonwabo” olulindele abo basaqalayo ukusebenza kumagumbi acocekileyo.
Inkqubo yokungena kwi-cleanroom yenzeke nge-vestibule, eyenzelwe kwaye ixhotyiswe ngendlela yokuthintela ukungcoliswa komnqamlezo, ngokukodwa kwindlela yomntu ongenayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso, sihlulahlula izitshixo okanye songeza izitshixo ze-aerodynamic kumagumbi acocekileyo ngokweeklasi ezikhulayo zokucoceka.
Nangona umgangatho we-ISO 14644 ubeka iimfuno ezithambileyo kwi-ISO 8 kunye neeklasi ze-ISO 7 zococeko, inqanaba lolawulo longcoliseko lisephezulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba imida yolawulo lwento encinci kunye ne-microbiological contaminants iphezulu kakhulu kwaye kulula ukunika ingcamango yokuba sihlala silawula ungcoliseko. Yingakho ukukhetha iimpahla ezifanelekileyo zomsebenzi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso sakho sokulawula ukungcola, ukuhlangabezana nokulindela kungekuphela nje ngokuthuthuzela, kodwa nakwizinto zokwakha, izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuphefumula.
Ukusetyenziswa kweempahla ezikhethekileyo kuthintela ukusasazeka kweengqungquthela kunye ne-microbial agents ukusuka kumzimba wabasebenzi kwiindawo ezijikelezayo zokuvelisa. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla zokucoca i-polyester. Oku kubangelwa ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zinokuchasana nothuli oluphezulu kwaye ngexesha elifanayo liphefumula ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-polyester yinto eyaziwayo yolona didi lococeko lwe-ISO luphezulu ngokweemfuno ze-Fraunhofer Institute CSM (i-Cleanroom Suitable Materials) protocol.
Ifayibha yekhabhoni isetyenziswa njengesongezelelo kwimpahla yokucoceka yepolyester ukubonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo ze-antistatic. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwiimali ezingadluli kwi-1% yobunzima obupheleleyo bezinto eziphathekayo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuba ukukhethwa kombala wengubo ngokweklasi yokucoceka, nangona kungenakuba nefuthe elithe ngqo ekubekweni kweliso lokungcola, livumela ukugcina uqeqesho lwabasebenzi kunye nokubeka iliso kwimisebenzi yabasebenzi kwindawo yokucoca.
Ngokutsho kwe-ISO 14644-5: 2016, iimpahla zegumbi elicocekileyo akufunekanga zibambe kuphela amasuntswana emzimbeni wabasebenzi, kodwa ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ziphefumle, zikhululekile kwaye zingonakali.
I-ISO 14644 Icandelo lesi-5 (Isihlomelo B) sibonelela ngeengcebiso ezichanekileyo malunga nomsebenzi, ukhetho, iipropathi zezinto eziphathekayo, ukufaneleka kunye nokugqiba, ukuthuthuzela kwe-thermal, inkqubo yokuhlamba kunye nokomisa, kunye neemfuno zokugcina iimpahla.
Kolu papasho, siya kukwazisa ngezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zempahla yegumbi elicocekileyo ehlangabezana neemfuno ze-ISO 14644-5.
Kubalulekile ukuba iimpahla zodidi lwe-ISO 8 (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zii-“pyjamas”), ezifana nesuti okanye ingubo, zenziwe ngepolyester eyongezwe i-carbon fiber. Impahla yentloko esetyenziselwa ukukhusela intloko inokulahlwa, kodwa ihlala inciphisa ukusebenza kwayo ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka kumonakalo womatshini. Emva koko kufuneka ucinge ngamaqweqwe anokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yempahla yizihlangu, ezo, njengempahla, kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto ezinokumelana nomatshini kwaye zixhathise ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo. Oku kudla ngokuba yirabha okanye into efanayo ehlangabezana neemfuno ze-ISO 14644.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba, ukuba uhlalutyo lomngcipheko lubonisa ukuba iiglavu zokukhusela zigqitywe ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokutshintsha ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwezinto ezingcolileyo ukusuka kumzimba womsebenzi ukuya kwindawo yokuvelisa.
Emva kokusetyenziswa, iimpahla ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe zithunyelwa kwindawo yokuhlamba ecocekileyo apho ihlanjwa kwaye yomiswe phantsi kweemeko ze-ISO zeklasi 5.
I-post-sterilization yempahla ayifuni ngenxa yeeklasi ze-ISO 8 kunye ne-ISO 7 - iimpahla zipakishwa kwaye zithunyelwe kumsebenzisi ngokukhawuleza xa zomile.
Iimpahla ezilahlwayo azihlanjwa kwaye zomiswe, ngoko kufuneka zilahlwe kwaye umbutho kufuneka ube nomgaqo-nkqubo wenkunkuma.
Izambatho ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe zingasetyenziselwa iintsuku ze-1-5, kuxhomekeke kwinto esungulwe kwisicwangciso sokulawula ukungcola emva kokuhlalutya umngcipheko. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ubuninzi bexesha apho impahla ingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo akufanele igqithwe, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokuvelisa apho kufuneka kulawuleke ungcoliseko lwe-microbiological.
Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwempahla ye-ISO 8 kunye ne-ISO 7 inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezingcolileyo zoomatshini kunye ne-microbiological. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoku kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo lomngcipheko kwindawo yemveliso, ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokulawula ungcoliseko kunye nokuphumeza inkqubo ngoqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwabasebenzi, ngokubhekisele kwiimfuno ze-ISO 14644.
Nkqu nezona mathiriyeli zigqwesileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe obugqwesileyo aziyi kusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuba umbutho uneenkqubo zoqeqesho zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zokuqinisekisa umgangatho ofanelekileyo wokuqonda kunye noxanduva lokubambelela kwizicwangciso zokulawula ungcoliseko.
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