Iindaba

Amagumbi okucoca liqela lamaziko akhethekileyo aneemfuno ezikhethekileyo zeziseko ezingundoqo, ukubekwa esweni kokusingqongileyo, umthamo wabasebenzi kunye nococeko. Umbhali: UDkt. Patricia Sitek, umnini we-CRK
Ubukho obukhulayo beendawo ezilawulwayo kuzo zonke iinkalo zoshishino kudala imingeni emitsha kubasebenzi bemveliso kwaye ngoko ke kulindeleke ukuba abaphathi baphumeze imigangatho emitsha.
Iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zibonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwe-80% yeziganeko ze-microbial kunye nokugqithisa uthuli kubangelwa ubukho kunye nemisebenzi yabasebenzi kumagumbi acocekileyo. Enyanisweni, ukungena, ukutshintshwa kunye nokuphathwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nezixhobo kunokubangela ukukhululwa kweengqungquthela ezininzi, okubangelwa ukuhanjiswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezivela kwiindawo zesikhumba kunye nezinto ezisingqongileyo. Ukongeza, izixhobo ezifana nezixhobo, iimveliso zokucoca kunye nezinto zokupakisha nazo zinempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwegumbi lokucoca.
Ekubeni abasebenzi bengowona mthombo mkhulu wongcoliseko kumagumbi acocekileyo, kubalulekile ukubuza indlela yokunciphisa ngokusebenzayo ukusasazeka kwamasuntswana aphilayo kunye nangaphiliyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-ISO 14644 ngexesha lokuhamba kwabasebenzi kwindawo yokucoceka.
Sebenzisa iimpahla ezifanelekileyo zokuthintela ukusasazeka kwamasuntswana kunye ne-microbial agents ukusuka kumzimba wabasebenzi ukuya kwindawo ejikelezileyo yokusebenza.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kokungcola kumagumbi acocekileyo kukukhethwa kwempahla yokucoceka efanelekileyo kwinqanaba lokucoceka. Kule mpapasho siza kugxininisa kwiingubo ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-ISO 8 / D kunye ne-ISO 7 / C, ichaza iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphefumla komhlaba kunye noyilo oluthile.
Nangona kunjalo, phambi kokuba sijonge iimfuno zempahla ecocekileyo yegumbi, siza kuxoxa ngokufutshane ngeemfuno ezisisiseko ze-ISO8/D kunye ne-ISO7/C zabasebenzi abacocekileyo.
Okokuqala, ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukusasazeka kokungcola kwigumbi elicocekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza kwigumbi ngalinye lokucoca i-SOP eneenkcukacha (iNkqubo yokuSebenza eStandard) echaza imigaqo eyisiseko yokusebenza kwegumbi lokucoca kwintlangano. Ezo nkqubo mazibhalwe, ziphunyezwe, ziqondwe kwaye zilandelwe ngolwimi lwenkobe lwalowo uyisebenzisayo. Kwakhona okubalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni uqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwabasebenzi abanoxanduva lokusebenza kwindawo elawulwayo, kunye nemfuneko yokuqhuba iimviwo ezifanelekileyo zonyango ngokuqwalasela iingozi ezichongiweyo kwindawo yokusebenza. Ukuhlola izandla zabasebenzi ngokungacwangciswanga ukuba zicocekile na, ukuvavanyelwa izifo ezosulelayo, kwanokuhlolwa amazinyo rhoqo zezinye “zolonwabo” olulindele abantu abafikayo kwigumbi lokucoca.
Ukungena kwigumbi lokucoca kungendlela yokuvala umoya, eyilelwe kwaye ixhotyiswe ukuthintela ungcoliseko olunqamlezayo, ngakumbi ecaleni kwendlela yokungena. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso, sahlulahlula i-airlocks ngokwemigangatho eyonyukayo yokucoceka okanye songeza ii-airlocks zeshawa kumagumbi acocekileyo.
Nangona i-ISO 14644 ineemfuno eziyekelelwe ngokufanelekileyo ze-ISO 8 kunye ne-ISO 7 amanqanaba ococeko, inqanaba lolawulo longcoliseko lisephezulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba imida yolawulo lwento engcolisa i-particle kunye ne-microbial contaminants iphezulu kangangokuba kulula ukunika ingcamango yokuba sihlala sibeka esweni ungcoliseko. Yingakho ukukhetha iimpahla ezifanelekileyo zomsebenzi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso sokulawula ukungcola, ukuhlangabezana nokulindela induduzo kuphela, kodwa kunye noyilo, izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokulindela umoya.
Ukusetyenziswa kwempahla yokukhusela kunokuthintela ukusasazeka kweengqungquthela kunye ne-microbial agents ukusuka kumzimba wabasebenzi ukuya kwindawo ejikelezayo yomsebenzi. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iimpahla zokucoca i-polyester. Oku kungenxa yokuba izinto eziphathekayo zinothuli kakhulu kwaye kwangaxeshanye ziphefumla ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ipolyester yinto eyaziwayo enelona nqanaba liphezulu lokucoceka kwe-ISO, njengoko kufunwa yi-CSM (iZizinto eziCwangcisiweyo ezifanelekileyo) zeFraunhofer Institute.
Ifayibha yekhabhoni isetyenziswa njengesongezelelo kwimveliso yempahla yepolyester ecocekileyo yegumbi ukubonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo ze-antistatic. Isixa sabo ngokuqhelekileyo asidluli i-1% yobunzima obupheleleyo bezinto eziphathekayo.
Okubangela umdla kukuba, ngelixa ukhetha umbala wempahla esekelwe kwinqanaba lokucoceka akunakuba nefuthe elithe ngqo ekujongeni ungcoliseko, kunokuphucula ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi kunye nokubeka iliso kumsebenzi wabasebenzi kwindawo yokucoceka.
Ngokwe-ISO 14644-5: I-2016, iimpahla zegumbi elicocekileyo akufuneki zigcine kuphela amasuntswana omzimba kubasebenzi, kodwa ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ziphefumle, zikhululeke kwaye zixhathise ukuqhekeka.
I-ISO 14644 iCandelo 5 (Isihlomelo B) sibonelela ngesikhokelo esichanekileyo ekusebenzeni, ekukhethweni, kwiipropathi zemathiriyeli, ukufaneleka kunye nokugqiba, ukuthuthuzelwa kwe-thermal, inkqubo yokuhlamba kunye nokomisa, kunye neemfuno zokugcina iimpahla.
Kolu papasho, siya kukwazisa ngezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zempahla yegumbi elicocekileyo ehlangabezana neemfuno ze-ISO 14644-5.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iimpahla ezikumgangatho we-ISO 8 (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba “ziiphijama”) kufuneka zenziwe ngepolyester efakwe kwikhabhoni fibre, njengesuti okanye ingubo. Iicaps ezisetyenziselwa ukukhusela intloko zinokuthi zilahlwe, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo kudla ngokuncitshiswa ngenxa yokuchaphazeleka kumonakalo womatshini. Emva koko kufuneka ucinge ngesiciko esinokuphinda sisebenziseke.
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yempahla yizihlangu, ezo, njengempahla, kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto eziphathekayo ezinokumelana nokukhutshwa kokungcola. Ngokwesiqhelo irabha okanye izinto ezifanayo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ze-ISO 14644.
Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukuba uhlalutyo lomngcipheko lubonisa ukuba ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokugqoka, iiglavu zokukhusela zigqitywe ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kokungcola kumzimba womsebenzi ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza.
Emva kokusetyenziswa, iimpahla ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe zithunyelwa kwindawo yokuhlamba iimpahla ecocekileyo apho ihlanjwa kwaye yomiswe phantsi kweemeko ze-ISO Class 5.
Ekubeni iiklasi ze-ISO 8 kunye ne-ISO 7 ayifuni i-post-sterilization yempahla, iimpahla zipakishwa kwaye zithunyelwe kumsebenzisi ngokukhawuleza emva kokumisa.
Impahla echithwayo ayifuni ukuba ihlanjwe kwaye yomiswe, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuyiphatha kunye nokuseka umgaqo-nkqubo wokulahla inkunkuma ngaphakathi kwintlangano.
Impahla ehlaziyiweyo ingasetyenziselwa iintsuku ezi-1-5, kuxhomekeke kwinto ephuhliswe kwisicwangciso sokulawula ukungcola emva kokuhlalutya umngcipheko. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ungadluli ixesha elide apho isambatho singasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokuvelisa apho kufuneka ukulawulwa kwe-microbial contamination.
Impahla ekhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ehlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ISO 8 kunye ne-ISO 7 inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukugqithiselwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo zoomatshini kunye ne-microbiological. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuna ukubhekisa kwiimfuno ze-ISO 14644, ukwenza uhlalutyo oluyingozi kwindawo yemveliso, ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso solawulo lokungcoliseka kunye nokuphumeza inkqubo ngoqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwabasebenzi.
Nkqu nezona mathiriyeli zigqwesileyo kunye nobuchwephesha obugqwesileyo aziyi kusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuba umbutho uneenkqubo zoqeqesho lwangaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho ofanelekileyo wokuqonda kunye noxanduva uyaphuhliswa ngokuhambelana nesicwangciso solawulo longcoliseko.