Iindaba

1. Zivalele yedwa phambi kokuba ungene kwindawo yokuxhela

Ukuvalelwa yedwa ngaphambiliukuxhelwa kwehaguKuyimfuneko kakhulu, phambi kokuba iihagu zingene kwindawo yokuxhela, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda inkqubo yokuvalelwa kunye nokulinganisa ukuphunyezwa kumsebenzi wokwenene. Emva kokuba iihagu zisiwe kwindawo ekuxhelelwa kuyo, iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zeehagu kufuneka zihlolwe ngokungqongqo, kuqukwa nemvelaphi, i-quarantine yokuthutha, njl. . Emva kokumisela imvelaphi yeehagu eziphilayo, jonga kwakhona ixesha lazo lokugonywa kwaye uqinisekise ubume bempilo yazo. Ukuziphatha kweehagu eziphilayo xa zingena kwindawo ekuxhelelwa kuyo kuhlolwa ngocoselelo, kubandakanywa ukuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kunye nokuziphatha okuzinzileyo. Phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo zobhubhane wezifo zehagu, iihagu ezizakungeniswa kwindawo yokuxhela kufuneka zibambe isiqinisekiso sendawo engosulelwanga, leyo yindlela efunekayo yokuthintela ngempumelelo iindyikityha zehagu. Kwinkqubo yokuvalelwa phambi kokungena kwindawo yokuxhela, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngokuchanekileyo inani leehagu eziphilayo, kwaye uqhube uluhlu lwempahla ngexesha lokuqala xa kufunyenwe izinto ezingaqhelekanga, ukuze kuqondwe imeko ethile yokuthutha ihagu, kunye nokubamba impilo. ubume beehagu ezikhoyo ngokuhlolwa okubanzi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kogcino lwehagu oluphambi kokuxhelwa.

2. Ukuhlolwa phambi kokuxhelwa

Phambi kokuxhelwa kweehagu, umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuhlolwa kweehagu kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa komntu ngamnye kunye nokuhlolwa kwesampulu. Phambi kokuxhelwa, iihagu ezintsha kufuneka zibekwe zodwa ukuze zijongwe kwaye zihlolwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye akufuneki zingene kwinkqubo yokuxhelwa ngobumfama. Kwinkqubo yokuhlolwa komntu ngamnye kweehagu eziphilayo, ukuhlolwa komzimba kwenziwa ngokuchukumisa, ukubona, ukuva kunye nezinye iindlela zokuxilonga ukuqonda imeko yempilo yeehagu eziphilayo, kunye nokuhlolwa kokuzihlukanisa kuyenziwa ukuba kukho imfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlolo lufanelekile ngaphambili. bavumelekile ukuba bangene kwiintango zeehagu kwindawo yokuxhela. Phambi kokuba kuxhelwe iihagu, kufuneka siphumeze uvavanyo lwesampulu kunye neehagu eziqeqeshiweyo njengento yovavanyo lomzimba, sibambe ixesha lokuhlolwa, senze uhlolo rhoqo, siqwalasele ngokusondeleyo amandla eehagu, kubandakanya ukutya, umthambo, njl. kanye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zeehagu kufuneka zibekwe zodwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kunye ne-mucosa ebonakalayo, i-mucosa yomlomo, i-feces, njl. njengento yokuhlolwa, kwaye yenze uhlolo olubanzi kunye neenkcukacha zeehagu ezizimeleyo.

3.Ukuhlolwa kwakhona phambi kokuxhelwa

Yenza umsebenzi omhle wokuhlola kwakhona phambi kokuxhelwa kweehagu, ingakumbi ngokuphinda uphinde uhlole isimo sempilo yomhlambi, oyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuxhelwa kweehagu kunye nokuhlaliswa kwehagu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kohlazi. -ukuhlolwa kweehagu phambi kokuba kuxhelwe, kufuneka zidityaniswe nemiqathango ethile yeehagu, ngokwesiseko sohlolo olubanzi lokufezekiswa komntu ngamnye kwehagu nganye kugxininiswe ekuhlolweni, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iihagu zikulungele ukuvalelwa kwi quarantine iihagu phambi kokuxhelwa, kunye nokukhuthaza iihagu ukuba zingene kwinqanaba lokuxhelwa kakuhle. Ukuhlolwa kwakhona kweehagu phambi kokuba kuxhelwe ikakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu bomzimba weehagu, ngokujonga ubushushu bomzimba kwakhona, kulula ukuqonda imeko yeehagu phambi kokuxhelwa, emva koko uthathe amanyathelo asebenzayo. Ngenxa yonxibelelwano lwezothutho luyakuchaphazela imo yehagu ngokwefiziyoloji ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, xa iihagu zibonakala zisabela ngoxinzelelo, kufuneka zidityaniswe neempawu ezithile zeehagu ukwenza uhlalutyo olubanzi lokuxhelwa kweehagu ngokungxamisekileyo ukujongana ne ukuphunyezwa kwe-quarantine ebanzi, kwaye isekelwe kwi-quarantine yeehagu emva kokuxhelwa kweehagu igxininiswe ngetywina elifanelekileyo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba impilo yeehagu, kunye nonyango olungenabungozi xa kuyimfuneko, ukuphepha ukukhula okanye ukusasazeka kweebhaktheriya.

Ukuhlolwa kwakhona kweehagu phambi kokuba kuxhelwe luhlobo lomsebenzi okhethekileyo, obonakaliswa ikakhulu kwiqela le-quarantine kunye ne-quarantine yomntu ngamnye, i-quarantine yeqela ithatha iihagu njengento, kwaye imisela imeko yempilo yeehagu ngokuqwalasela amandla athile eehagu. iihagu, kunye nezalathisi eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukutya, amanzi okusela, ukuhlanza, ukuncwina, njl njl. Ukuqwalaselwa komsebenzi weehagu kuqondwa ngendlela yokugxothwa ukujonga ukuba kukho ingxaki yokulahla enye kwiihagu kunye ne ukungaqhelekanga kokukhutshelwa kwenkunkuma, njalo njalo, okunokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvalelwa kweqela phambi kokuxhelwa kweehagu. Ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kokuvalelwa kweqela phambi kokuba kuxhelwe. Xa ukuvalelwa komntu ngamnye kuphunyezwa phambi kokuba kuxhelwe ihagu, ikakhulu kujongwa ihagu nganye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga, ukuthatha uboya, inkangeleko, ukukhutshwa, ukukhupha, ukubetha kwentliziyo, umphezulu womzimba njalo njalo njengendawo eziphambili zokuvalelwa. Ukuba kukho i-purulent secretion, urhudo, okanye igazi kwilindle, kunokugwetywa ukuba ihagu nganye yosulelwe sisifo esithile. Ukuba kukho ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, i-gastrointestinal peristalsis engaqhelekanga, amaqhuqhuva kwiilymph nodes, ukudumba kwesikhumba, iintlungu esifubeni, njalo njalo, kunokugqitywa ukuba ihagu nganye yosulelwe zizifo ezithile. Ngaphambi kokuxhelwa kweehagu eziphilayo, ngokusebenzisa iqela lokuvalelwa kunye nokuvalelwa komntu ngamnye ukwenza uhlolo olubanzi kwakhona, kulula ukuyiqonda ngokuchanekileyo imeko yempilo yeehagu eziphilayo, ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa emgangathweni kokuxhelwa kunye nokuhlukaniswa kweehagu eziphilayo, kunye nokudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko lweehagu eziphilayo kunye neemveliso zenyama.